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Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are the primary cells responsible for phagocytosis, which is the process of engulfing and digesting cellular debris, foreign substances, and pathogens. These cells play a crucial role in the immune response, helping to protect the body against infections and diseases. There are different types of leukocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, that are particularly effective at phagocytosis. Their ability to move to sites of infection and effectively eliminate pathogens is vital for maintaining health and combating illness.

Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are primarily involved in the transport of oxygen throughout the body, while thrombocytes, or platelets, function in blood clotting and wound healing. Plasma cells are specialized cells that produce antibodies but do not engage in phagocytosis. Therefore, the unique role of leukocytes in the immune system directly ties them to the process of phagocytosis.